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Die Comanche sind ein nordamerikanischer Stamm der Plainsindianer. Er gehört zur Sprachfamilie der Uto-Azteken. Nicht zufällig sind die Parallelen, die sich zum Stamm der Shoshonen finden. Bis etwa um 1500 lebten die Comanchen als ein Teil der Shoshonen im nördlichen Wyoming. Sie waren Jäger und Sammler. Warum sie dann die Rocky Mountains verließen und in die Plains zogen, das ist heute nicht mehr nachvollziehbar. In den südlichen Plains wurden sie zu dem wichtigsten Element zur Ausprägung der nomadisierenden Büffeljäger-Kultur.
Im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert beherrschten die Comanchen die südlichen
Plains. Sie
hatten als einer der ersten Stämme das Pferd von den Spaniern übernommen.
Die Pferde wurden sehr schnell zum Standessybol eines Comanchen.
Galt bei
den Sioux ein Häuptling als wohlhabend, dann hatte er ein paar
hundert Pferde.
Galt ein Comanchen Häuptling als wohlhabend, dann hatte er ein paar
tausend. Lawton in Oklahoma ist der heutigte offizielle Sitz der Nation der Comanchen. In ganz USA leben heute Mitglieder dieser Nation. Comachen waren schon immer ein reisendes Volk. Diese Veranlagung findet sich auch heute wieder. Die rund 10000-15000 Nachkommen des einst gefürchteten und mächtigsten Reiterstammes leben heute vornehmlich von der Landwirtschaft. Durch die Indianerliteratur und die "Western" wurde die Geschichte der Comanchen verfälscht. Dadurch wurde ein Negativimage als Räuber und Mörder geschaffen.
The Comanche Tribe is one of the Northamerican
tribes of plainsindians. They belong to the language of Uto-Aztec.It
is not by chance to see a lot of parallel things to the Shoshone
tribe. About 1500 the Comanche were a part of Shoshone in Nothern
Wyoming. They were hunters and collectors. It is not known to today
why they had leave the Rocky Mountains and went to the plains. In
the South Plains they became a most important part of the nomadic
buffalo culture. In 18 and 19hundred the Comanche dominated the
southern plains. They are one of the first which got the horse of
the Spane. Very fast the horse became in a accordance with social
rank. A chief of the Sioux was rich if he had some hundred horse by
own but a Comanche chief was rich if he had thousand and more horses.
Long before other Indian tibes were breeding horses Comanche did it
very well, not only by steeling horses. It seamed that the Comanches
becoming one with there horses, however they were coming of the
mountains and had never seen a horse before. Soon the Comanches were
known as "Lords of the Southern Plains". Comanche were very great warriors and mainly they were living by hunting buffalo.They turned out the Apache of the plains. Later the Comaches confederated with the Kiowas.As plains indian they know the tipi, but they were the only one which did not know a tipi circle.The Outfit was made of leather. But also they were wever and made pottery. They had no central goverment and no society of warriors like Kiowa did. Always the Comache liked to mix blood with orther nations.This was seen by crafts work. You could find fullblodded German in the tribe and becoming chief (Herman Lehman). By their expeditions they were coming to Texas and Mexico. Their courage and to be best of warrior they stopped the westen expandition of USA mainly. Killing the buffalo and importing of sickness brought death to th southern Comanche. With great levy of military Comanche were conveyed to reservations.But the northern part of the tribe offered resistance against the white people.This part of Comanche never was conquered. After the Northamerican Civilwar they went to the Indianterritory, the western part of Oklahoma. But the white pioniers were hungry to get this land from the Indian. Two years late the Comanche raised again. Later the Comanche settled in the south of Oklahoma about 1875. They get no own reservation. They live together with the Kiowa Nation.
The official goverment of Comanche Nation is in Lawton, Oklahoma today. All about in USA there are living people of this Nation. Comanche were travelling allways. So it is up today. The issues of the maity and powerfull horse men are 10000-15000 people. Today they are ranchers and farmers. The literature of Indians and the western movies show a very wrong picture of the history of the tribe of Comache. It only showed us the negative image of thiefs and murderers.
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